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Convertible Debt Agreement for the United Kingdom

Convertible Debt Agreement Template for England and Wales

A Convertible Debt Agreement under English and Welsh law is a legally binding instrument that enables a company to obtain debt financing that can later convert into equity shares. The agreement details the terms of the debt, including interest rates, conversion mechanisms, and triggers for conversion. It provides investors with the security of debt while offering the potential upside of equity ownership. The document is governed by English law and typically includes provisions compliant with the Companies Act 2006 and relevant financial services regulations.

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What is a Convertible Debt Agreement?

The Convertible Debt Agreement is commonly used by growth companies seeking flexible financing options. It serves as a bridge between debt and equity financing, allowing companies to defer equity valuation while accessing immediate capital. Under English and Welsh law, this document provides a structured framework for both companies and investors, detailing conversion mechanisms, interest rates, and investor protections. The agreement is particularly valuable for companies planning future equity rounds or exit events, as it provides investors with the security of debt creditors while maintaining the potential for equity participation.

What sections should be included in a Convertible Debt Agreement?

1. Parties: Identification and details of the contracting parties, including registered addresses and company numbers

2. Background: Context and purpose of the convertible debt arrangement, including the company's intention to borrow and the lender's intention to provide the convertible loan

3. Definitions: Key terms used throughout the agreement, including financial terms, conversion mechanisms, and technical definitions

4. Subscription and Issue: Terms of debt issuance and subscription, including loan amount, closing conditions, and mechanics of advance

5. Interest: Interest rate, calculation method, payment terms, and default interest provisions

6. Conversion Rights: Terms and conditions for converting debt to equity, including conversion price, timing, and mechanics

7. Repayment Terms: Conditions for repayment of the principal amount, including maturity date and early repayment provisions

8. Events of Default: Circumstances constituting default and consequences, including acceleration rights

9. Covenants: Ongoing obligations of the company, including financial and operational commitments

10. Assignment and Transfer: Rules regarding the transfer of notes and assignment of rights under the agreement

What sections are optional to include in a Convertible Debt Agreement?

1. Security: Terms of any security provided for the debt, including type of security and enforcement rights

2. Warranties and Representations: Additional assurances from the issuing company regarding its status, capacity, and business

3. Information Rights: Rights of noteholders to receive company information and financial statements

4. Tag-Along Rights: Rights of noteholders to participate in sale of company shares

5. Anti-dilution Protection: Provisions protecting noteholders from dilution of their potential equity stake

6. Most Favored Nation: Provisions ensuring noteholders receive the benefit of more favorable terms granted to subsequent investors

What schedules should be included in a Convertible Debt Agreement?

1. Form of Conversion Notice: Template document for noteholders to exercise their conversion rights

2. Cap Table: Current and post-conversion shareholding structure of the company

3. Calculation of Conversion Price: Detailed methodology and examples for determining the conversion price

4. Form of Note Certificate: Template for the physical convertible loan note certificate

5. Company's Constitutional Documents: Articles of association and other relevant constitutional documents

6. Conditions Precedent: List of documents and conditions required before completion

Authors

Alex Denne

Head of Growth (Open Source Law) @ Ƶ | 3 x UCL-Certified in Contract Law & Drafting | 4+ Years Managing 1M+ Legal Documents | Serial Founder & Legal AI Author

Jurisdiction

England and Wales

Publisher

Ƶ

Document Type

Security Agreement

Cost

Free to use
Relevant legal definitions







































Clauses
































Industries

Companies Act 2006: Primary legislation governing company operations, including share capital, issuance, directors' duties, company registration, and shareholder rights

Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (FSMA): Regulatory framework for financial services, covering financial promotion restrictions, regulated activities provisions, and investment requirements

Consumer Credit Act 1974: Legislation governing consumer credit arrangements, relevant if the convertible debt agreement involves individual lenders

FSMA Regulated Activities Order 2001: Detailed regulations regarding debt instruments and investment activities under the FSMA framework

FCA Regulations: Financial Conduct Authority rules governing financial promotions and retail investor protection

Law of Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1989: Legislation covering execution of deeds and formal requirements for creating security

Insolvency Act 1986: Framework governing creditor rights and priority of debts in insolvency situations

Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020: Recent legislation updating insolvency law including moratorium provisions and restructuring processes

English Common Law - Contract Principles: Fundamental principles governing contract formation including offer, acceptance, consideration, and intention to create legal relations

EU Retained Law: Relevant European Union legislation retained in UK law post-Brexit affecting financial instruments

Data Protection Act 2018: UK implementation of GDPR governing personal data processing and protection

Money Laundering Regulations 2017: Regulations requiring due diligence and compliance measures to prevent money laundering

Tax Legislation: Various tax laws affecting interest payments and conversion features in convertible debt instruments

Teams

Employer, Employee, Start Date, Job Title, Department, Location, Probationary Period, Notice Period, Salary, Overtime, Vacation Pay, Statutory Holidays, Benefits, Bonus, Expenses, Working Hours, Rest Breaks,  Leaves of Absence, Confidentiality, Intellectual Property, Non-Solicitation, Non-Competition, Code of Conduct, Termination,  Severance Pay, Governing Law, Entire Agreemen

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