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Mental Capacity Act 2005: Key legislation governing capacity to consent, best interests decision-making, and advance decisions. Crucial for determining patient's ability to give valid consent and establishing alternative decision-making frameworks.

Data Protection Act 2018 and UK GDPR: Legislation governing the processing, storage, and sharing of personal health data, ensuring patient privacy rights and compliance with data protection principles in healthcare settings.

Human Rights Act 1998: Incorporates fundamental rights including respect for private life (Article 8) and protection from inhuman treatment (Article 3), which must be considered in medical treatment contexts.

Children Act 1989: Legislation governing treatment of minors, including parental responsibility and Gillick competence considerations for young people's medical decisions.

Medical Act 1983: Establishes professional standards and responsibilities for medical practitioners in providing treatment and obtaining consent.

NHS Act 2006: Provides framework for healthcare provision in England and Wales, including patient rights and responsibilities within the healthcare system.

Common Law principles: Established legal principles covering informed consent requirements, duty of care, and negligence considerations in medical treatment.

Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board [2015]: Landmark case establishing modern standards for informed consent and the disclosure of material risks to patients.